In February 1862, the even larger Virginia joined the Confederate Navy, having been built at Norfolk. On 12 October 1861, the Manassas became the first ironclad to enter battle when she fought Union warships on the Mississippi. Therefore, the Confederate Congress voted $2 million in May 1861 to buy ironclads from overseas, and in July and August started work on construction and converting wooden ships locally. Initial ocean-going ironclad cruisers, such as the French Gloire and the British HMS Warrior were only just emerging in 18, and were beyond the budget and timeline necessary for rapid force deployment that the CS Navy needed for immediate coastal defenses in 1861. The Secretary of the CS Navy, Stephen Mallory, was very aggressive on a limited budget in a land-focused war, and developed a two-pronged warship strategy of building ironclad warships for coastal and national defense, and commerce raiding cruisers, supplemented with exploratory use of special weapons such as torpedo boats and torpedoes.īased upon the successful employment of ironclad warships, particularly batteries, at the Battle of Kinburn, Britain and France decided to focus on armor plated warships, starting with coastal battery designs. 3.2 Privateer submersible torpedo boats. The meeting venue is accessible for those with mobility limitations.Īccommodations for other disabilities will be considered upon request.įor more information, go to or the Facebook Page. The round table and the Ohio Arts Council are committed to providing accessibility for those with disabilities. A brief annual business meeting will follow the education program. The program is partially funded through a matching grant program from the Ohio Arts Council. Refreshments will be provided before and following the meeting. Donations will be accepted to defray a portion of the cost of the event. The public is welcome to attend and there is no cost. Navy” in 2003), “Africa Squadron: the U.S. Being retired, Canney is a prolific author and has published more than a dozen books on American naval history including “The Ironclads, 1842-1885” in 1993), “Sailing Warships of the U.S. Air Force veteran and a former high school history instructor.
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